Copyright

Marianne Sommer

Published On

2024-07-30

Page Range

pp. 61–72

Language

  • English

Print Length

12 pages

5. Codifying a Diagrammatics of 'Race'

  • Marianne Sommer (author)
Samuel George Morton’s work was not only foundational for an American physical anthropology that was associated with polygenism; Morton’s crania atlases that instantiated his development of a seemingly rigorously diagrammatic and metric approach triggered follow-up projects internationally and generally were a stepping stone in the development of a polygenist physical anthropology. The final chapter of the first part deals with the role of diagrams in this development up to the detailed diagrammatic and metric system of the influential French anthropologist Paul Broca. With Crania ethnica (1882) by Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages and Jules Ernest Théodore Hamy, newly discovered ‘fossil human races’ were integrated into the existing systems of contemporary ‘races’.

Contributors

Marianne Sommer

(author)
Chair of Kulturwissenschaften at the Department for Cultural and Science Studies at University of Lucerne

Marianne Sommer holds the chair of Kulturwissenschaften at the Department for Cultural and Science Studies at the University of Lucerne, Switzerland. Prior to that, she has held postdoctoral positions and professorships at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin, Pennsylvania State University, the ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, and has been a guest at many institutions, including Stanford University. For her research in the history of earth, life, and human sciences, encompassing processes of narration, visualization, and exhibition, she has received the Swiss National Latsis Prize. Her monograph History Within (published with The University of Chicago Press in 2016) engages with the science, politics, and culture related to reconstructions of human evolutionary histories; it traces the generation and circulation of such knowledge from the late nineteenth century to the present, including through venues like the museum, the zoo, literature, or the web. Among her monographs are also Bones and Ochre: The Curious Afterlife of the Red Lady of Paviland (published with Harvard University Press in 2007) and Evolutionäre Anthropologie (published with Junius in 2015). Bones and Ochre tells the scientific and cultural history of paleoanthropology and to a lesser degree archeology through the ‘biography’ of the most likely first fossil human skeleton discovered in 1823. Evolutionäre Anthropologie is an introduction to the history of evolutionary anthropology for scholars, students, and the interested public.